Credit scores can feel like a total mystery. But in reality, just three key numbers do most of the heavy lifting. Here’s what they are, why they matter, and the simple moves that'll nudge them in the right direction.

What it is: Your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income.

Why it matters: Lenders use DTI to gauge your cash-flow room. Lower usually signals less financial strain.

The goal: Under 36% is a common target, but yours may vary.

How to move it: Lower required monthly payments, raise income, and avoid taking on new installment debt you don't need. If you’re weighing a few different fixed monthly payments, remember the required amount can change your DTI. Crunch your numbers to see the effect.

What it is: Your credit card balances divided by your total credit limits.

Why it matters: High utilization can pull scores down quickly. It’s a huge factor.

The sweet spot: Under 30% is good, but under 10% is strongest.

How to move it: Pay cards before the statement date so lower balances get reported, request a limit increase if appropriate, spread balances rather than maxing one card, and avoid closing your oldest accounts unless you've got a clear reason.

What it is: The share of payments made on or before the due date.

Why it matters: This is the largest influence on most scoring models.

How to move it: Turn on autopay for at least the minimum. Set calendar reminders, align due dates with payday, and call your providers early if a payment will be tight to talk about options.

Figure out DTI: Add up your monthly debt payments, then divide by your gross monthly income.

Check utilization: Look at each card and your total percentage.

Protect history: Set or confirm autopay and alerts today.